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The purpose of this paper is to recognize and label the faults in wind turbines with a new density-based clustering algorithm, named contour density scanning clustering (CDSC) algorithm.

The algorithm includes four components: (1) computation of neighborhood density, (2) selection of core and noise data, (3) scanning core data and (4) updating clusters. The proposed algorithm considers the relationship between neighborhood data points according to a contour density scanning strategy.

The first experiment is conducted with artificial data to validate that the proposed CDSC algorithm is suitable for handling data points with arbitrary shapes. The second experiment with industrial gearbox vibration data is carried out to demonstrate that the time complexity and accuracy of the proposed CDSC algorithm in comparison with other conventional clustering algorithms, including k-means, density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise, density peaking clustering, neighborhood grid clustering, support vector clustering, random forest, core fusion-based density peak clustering, AdaBoost and extreme gradient boosting. The third experiment is conducted with an industrial bearing vibration data set to highlight that the CDSC algorithm can automatically track the emerging fault patterns of bearing in wind turbines over time.

Data points with different densities are clustered using three strategies: direct density reachability, density reachability and density connectivity. A contours density scanning strategy is proposed to determine whether the data points with the same density belong to one cluster. The proposed CDSC algorithm achieves automatically clustering, which means that the trends of the fault pattern could be tracked.

The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive framework for integrating big data analytics (BDA) into cyber-physical system (CPS) solutions. This framework provides a wide range of functions, including data collection, smart data preprocessing, smart data mining and smart data visualization.

The architecture of CPS was designed with cyber layer, physical layer and communication layer from the perspective of big data processing. The BDA model was integrated into a CPS that enables managers to make sound decisions.

The effectiveness of the proposed BDA model has been demonstrated by two practical cases − the prediction of energy output of the power grid and the estimate of the remaining useful life of the aero-engine. The method can be used to control the power supply system and help engineers to maintain or replace the aero-engine to maintain the safety of the aircraft.

The communication layer, which connects the cyber layer and physical layer, was designed in CPS. From the communication layer, the redundant raw data can be converted into smart data. All the necessary functions of data collection, data preprocessing, data storage, data mining and data visualization can be effectively integrated into the BDA model for CPS applications. These findings show that the proposed BDA model in CPS can be used in different environments and applications.

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to establish a grey clustering evaluation model of center-point triangular whitenization weight function to measure the performance of enterprise's management innovation (MI). The author intends to provide some theory basis and tool support for enterprise's managers and other researchers who are engaged in performance measuring.

The study uses questionnaire survey and expert interviews to determine the index weight of enterprise's MI performance (MIP), classifies the grey clusters based on center-point triangular whitenization weight function, calculates the membership of performance criteria and ranks the performance level of all dimensions.

The survey data of case company shows that production performance is in superior level, employee and society influence performance are in satisfied level, finance and market performance are in intermediate level, total MIP is in satisfied level.

MI is the fundamental way to keep enterprise's core competitiveness and achieve its strategic objectives. Performance is an effective tool to measure the MI. Therefore, based on the practices of MI in China, the study systematically clarifies the performance level of MI from five dimensions.

The evaluation index of enterprise's MIP is built with five dimensions which contain production, market, finance, employee and social influence. The grey clustering evaluation model based on triangular whitenization weight function is applied to assess the performance criteria. This paper presents a new research idea for enterprise's performance evaluation.

Most of the literature on just‐in‐time (JIT) production lines has focused on modelling the system into Markov‐chain. However, in practice, demands for products are known in a short planning horizon. Further, there is scarcity in the literature describing the dynamics and timing of material movements in JIT systems. Models a serial line into a discrete event dynamic system (DEDS) by a Max algebra approach incorporating the timing of material movements. Uses perturbation analysis to study the impact of parameter variation on the system performance. Compares the performances of push and pull systems using simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the pull system dominates the push system in lead time, in‐process inventories and stability of the production process.

Continuous quality improvement is now the focus of research and application in quality engineering. To achieve continuous improvement, it’s necessary to integrate quality tools and to plan, design and control the whole process of creating quality. Based on the extensive literature review and the philosophy of concurrent quality engineering, the paper analyzes the relationships among major quality tools such as QFD, FMEA, DOE and SPC and presents a basic model and structure for the integration of quality tools.

The purpose of this research is to provide a comparison of customer satisfaction of two largest US parcel delivery companies, the UPS and FedEx.

The paper is contrast the overall customer satisfaction and five critical factors (availability, responsiveness, reliability, completeness, and professionalism of service) that directly affect customer satisfaction for these two parcel delivery companies. Written questionnaire responses from university departments/units in the USA were collected and used for the comparison analysis. An independent samples t‐test was used to compare the ratings of customer satisfaction of these two parcel companies.

The paper find's no significant differences in the ratings of service quality of that these two parcel delivery companies provide with respect to both incoming and outgoing mail. The results of this research suggest that the similarity in ratings of service quality of these two companies explain their equally dominant positions in the parcel service industry.

The survey subjects only include units/departments within universities, with most of the participants located in Nebraska. By expanding the total number of surveys to include more industries and locations, this research could provide additional insight into the parcel service industry and customer satisfaction. Additionally, price of parcel delivery service was not included as a factor impacting customer satisfaction. Price of service may play an important role in customers' selection of parcel carrier.

Findings of this research provide customers insights into the service quality of parcel delivery companies in order for them to make a choice of which carriers to use.

The problem of manufacturer-customer relationships is becoming the key factor of enterprise development, and the contradiction between manufacturer’s objective and customer’s satisfaction still exists. Customers claim for product safety from manufacturers, so manufacturers should take corporate social responsibility (CSR) into their company philosophy or even enhance the degree of CSR during their production. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influences of parameters on the stability of risk-averse complementary product manufacturers.

In this study, three dynamic game models are developed: manufacturer 1 – leader Stackelberg game model, manufacturer 2 – leader Stackelberg game model and Nash game model. Using bifurcation diagrams, the largest Lyapunov exponent, 0-1 test for chaos and parameter basin plots, the influences of parameters on the complex behaviors of the three models are analyzed.

The authors demonstrate that the system exists in deterministic chaos when the parameter exceeds a certain value. The lead manufacturer will not be a beneficiary in chaotic state, and when two manufacturers have the same status the stability of the system weakens, which renders it easily chaotic.

In this paper, the authors make some assumptions, which when applied broadly could lead to some findings.

The authors find that the lead manufacturer will derive the greatest profit and will exert the least effort compared with the follower manufacturer, but that both manufacturers will exert greater effort in the Nash game. The two manufacturers should be cautious while selecting the parameter ' s value so that the stability of the system is maintained.

The research will serve as a guide for the two complementary manufacturers in their decision-making process.

The originality and value of the research rest on the use of dynamic thinking in ensuring stability in the quality of complementary products considering the firms’ market powers. The research will serve as a guide for the two complementary manufacturers in their decision-making process.

Based on literature review, the purpose of this paper is to design a comprehensive evaluation system for pharmaceutical industry from the financial perspective, and then analyses the development strategy of Chinese pharmaceutical industry according to the data of listed companies.

This paper analyses the development strategy of Chinese pharmaceutical industry through building the grey dominance evaluation model including absolute degree of grey incidence model and relative degree of grey incidence model.

Through the analysis of the grey dominance evaluation model, the authors find that four factors including total assets turnover, quick ratio, inventory turnover and current ratio can be grouped into first grade assessment indicator when evaluating the performance of Chinese pharmaceutical industry. These four indexes contain the concept of operational efficiency which shows that operation capability is the key to support the development of Chinese pharmaceutical industry, needing to be highly valued when organizations making business policy. When it comes to velocity of development, the contribution of R & D intensity is relatively small, which shows innovation ability of China’s pharmaceutical industry is still weak. Innovation is the lifeblood of enterprise development, needing to be improved to promote enterprise’s core competitiveness in the future development.

This paper selects Y1-Y7 as the performance evaluation system of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises, while X1-X15 as performance evaluation index system from the financial perspective, which indicated that the evaluation system is scientific and practical. The empirical result shows that the operation capability makes the largest contribution to the performance of China’s pharmaceutical industry, while R & D ability and the enterprise core competitive ability are weak.

This paper aims to analyse how both Lin’s birthplace identity and his Christian identity contributed to his fruitful public career and to ascertain which identity became the most significant.

Archival research is the main method used in this paper. The most important archives drawn from are the Daniel Tse Collection in the Special Collection and Archives of the Hong Kong Baptist University Library. Oral history has also been used in this paper to uncover more material that has not yet been discussed in existing scholarly works.

This paper argues that although Lin’s birthplace identity and social networks helped him to start his business career in Nam Pak Hong and develop into a leader in the local Chaozhou communities, these factors were insufficient to his becoming a respectable member of the Chinese elite in post-war Hong Kong. He became well known not because of his leading position in local Chaozhou communities or any great achievement he had obtained in business but because of his contribution to the development of Christian education. These achievements earned him a reputation as a “Christian educator”. Thus Lin’s Christian identity became more important than his birthplace identity in contributing to his successful public career.

This paper has value in showing how Christian influences interacted with various cultural factors in early Hong Kong. It also offers insights into Lin’s life and motivations as well as the history of the institutions he contributed to/founded. It not only furthers our understanding of the Chinese Christian business elite in early Hong Kong but also provides us with insights when further studying this group of people in other British colonies in Asia.

When college entrance examinations act as gatekeepers to modern-sector jobs, the entire education system then becomes oriented toward these examinations. This occurs at the expense of learning for the sake of learning and other aspects of education that address the holistic development and well-being of students. In recent years in China, there has been growing concern that examination competition has compromised the quality of classroom teaching and learning and is detrimental to the development of skills necessary for the global knowledge economy. These concerns have given rise to a far-reaching set of education reforms known as the New Curriculum reforms which have aimed to move students to the center of teaching and learning and to transform teaching and learning so as to foster such capacities as creativity, innovation, collaboration, self-expression, engagement, enjoyment of learning, inquiry skills, problem-solving abilities, and ability to apply knowledge in practice. In this chapter, we use videotaped high school New Curriculum demonstration lessons to examine teaching and learning practices that are regarded as exemplary in the current reform context. We investigate how teachers are negotiating the competing demands of preparing students for the examinations and addressing the aims of the New Curriculum reforms. The nature of student participation in the classroom emerges in the analysis as a key indicator of the success of this negotiation.